Academic writing $LaTeX: \mid$ Structure of the text - IMRaD $LaTeX: \mid$ Different types of writing assignments

Article

A scholarly article is a common way for researchers to publish their research results. The publication takes place in a scientific journal and the articles are often peer reviewed by other researchers in the same field. The text is often structured in a certain way and should contain elements such as an abstract, method and bibliography.

PM

PM is an abbreviation for promemoria, which is Latin and means “for the memory”. The expression was originally used to denote a short text with memos, but today it more often refers to a document that in some way provides a summarised account of a specific topic or subject area.

In the academic world, PM is often used as an exam or part of and exam in a course. The text should be structured in much the same way as an essay, including an introduction, results, discussion and reference list.

Poster

A poster is a visual presentation of a project or task. It can contain both text and images and aims to give the viewer an interesting and concise introduction to, for example, a research project or study.

Report

A scientific report is a written account of, for example, a project, an investigation or a survey. The purpose is to report either ongoing or completed research. The structure of a report is reminiscent of both a scholarly article and an essay, but it can look different in its layout depending on the subject area and content.

Essay

Essay, independent work or thesis – it is known by many names. An essay is a larger work in which you as a student, either alone or together with others, conduct an independent investigation within a subject area. It is then presented in text according to the principles that apply to research and academic writing. Essays are usually written at B, C (Bachelor's) and D (Master's) levels.

Do you want to know more about how your essay should be written? Talk to your teacher or course coordinator. All departments have their own regulations and templates for how an essay should be designed.